Facebook Privacy Restrictions Essay

It is disturbing how quick innovation is improving. These days, it appears having a Facebook account is a day by day need or even a pattern. As indicated by an examination done by TIMES magazine, more than one of every four individuals who peruse the Internet have a Facebook account as well as have come back to the webpage in the previous thirty days. It is genuinely disturbing the amount Facebook has extended. â€Å"Sometime in the following scarcely any weeks, Facebook will formally log its 500 millionth dynamic resident. † (Fletcher, 2010, TIMES, p. 6) Fletcher (2010) additionally expressed that Facebook would be the world’s third biggest nation by populace, which is 66% bigger than America, on the off chance that it were conceded firm ground. With such a high fame, an expanding number of Facebook clients had raised the issue on protection †constraining what others can say about you and who can say it. I accept that everybody has the option to protection. In any case, with regards to sharing data on such a virtual yet helpful media, the Internet, can protection limitations truly be accomplished that effectively and safely? Moreover, will Facebook take that risk to make a significant misfortune in its business? Fiends are in the subtleties. The Facebook’s Terms of Use may not be as reasonable and defensive on their users’ protection exposure. As contended by Yoder in his site article â€Å"Top Ten Reasons You Should Quit Facebook†, Facebook not just propels its clients to continue refreshing by taking steps to end their records, it additionally expresses that it claims your information. Some may contend that these terms may just be set to protect the interests of Facebook. Be that as it may, who can secure the interests of the numerous Facebook clients? Being such a comprehensively utilized media, is it not the least sensible to audit the morals strategy and begin straightening out the protection settings? Then again, Facebook isn't the just one to assume the fault. The record clients may have no doubt disregarded the Terms of Use and basically hopped to tap on the â€Å"I Agree† button just to begin utilizing Facebook as quickly as time permits. At the point when these clients discovered that things are not going as they had expected, they begin guiding their fingers toward others and perhaps disregarding their own duties on the issues. Straightening out the protection settings is by all accounts the main arrangement. Be that as it may, who truly has the steadiness to battle for the change? What number of individuals are truly ready to surrender the most generally utilized mingling system just to shield a correct that may set aside an impressive effort to be secured? This shows achievement of Facebook’s strategy †permitting a channel for enthusiastic speculations of its clients and making a social move, making the open increasingly acquainted with transparency. The examination done by TIMES magazine established that more than 70% of current Facebook clients communicated negative emotions when asked how life would resemble without Facebook. This might be ascribed to Facebook’s advancement of a recipe for the exact number of aha! minutes a client must have before the person in question is snared, announced from a meeting with the CEO (Fletcher, 2010, TIMES, p. 19). On the off chance that the clients leave Facebook, they may get the God help us! second in which they discover how much social updates they had missed. Facebook had been so fruitful in making itself key. Who might truly need to lose the association? Some may have attempted to evacuate their records. In any case, Yoder (2010) uncovered that it is hard to really erase your record. Facebook will just deactivate your record yet you will at present be spammed by Facebook. Facebook isn't generally stressed over losing its clients in view of the commotion on protection control on its site. Comparative dissent had been exhibited before, for example, the default settings of news sources on the site which permits the activity of a client to be distributed on the social update mass of their companions. Presently, it appears to be senseless to challenge news sources. In spite of the fact that the idea of the two episodes are not all things considered comparative, Facebook has so little to stress over as it is as yet working inside the limitations set by the law. It is a disappointing issue to characterize the appropriate degree of limitation on security for information revelation on the Internet. Insurance is unquestionably fundamental. Be that as it may, with regards to security on such a virtual ground, it appears the one in particular who can ensure you is yourself.

Democrat vs. Republican

Democrat versus Republican The Democratic and Republican gatherings stay significant arranging structures for legislative issues in the United States. Both Democratic and Republican likewise compose party stages, defining out the party’s objectives and approach positions. A party’s stage isn't official on its candidates, stage boards are to a great extent representative, and the frequently give warmed contentions and give unmistakable contrasts between the gatherings to present to voters.The Democratic stage is that if America is to make sure about success, progress, harmony, and security for all we can't stand to return, we should push ahead together and we should not abandon anybody. The Republican Platform is inspiring and visionary. The Democratic Party follows its birthplaces back to Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party, securing its present name under Andrew Jackson in 1828. It likewise squeezed the state to pick presidential balloters by well kno wn vote instead of by state legislatures.The Republican Party follows its roots to the abolitionist subjugation and national powers that assembled during the 1850s and assigned Abraham Lincoln for president in 1860. The Difference between the Republican Party and Democratic Party resembles the sun and moon. (It comes up and it goes down). As per the course book, â€Å"The Republican Party accepts the government ought to be little and controlled by the well off elite† (p. 476 †504), and furthermore as per the site on who do you accept, â€Å"the republican gathering accept that that your property is yours and you have the essential option to utilize it without preposterous government restrictions†.While then again, â€Å"the Democratic Party accepts the central government ought to be large and managed by chose representatives† (p. 494). The sort of government they want is the sort our constitution gives us, a Republic, and the strategies they are utilizing t o accomplish their objectives are moderate, and also the Democratic Party accept that the legislature has the option to direct the utilization of private property as per restricted uncommon interests without giving only remuneration to proprietors. The two stages are likewise unmistakably extraordinary on the premature birth issue.The Republican Platform expresses that â€Å"the unborn youngster has a principal singular right to life which can't be encroached. † And for the Democratic Party stages expresses that â€Å"a lady's entitlement to decide to prematurely end the child†. The likenesses among Democratic and Republican gathering, I accept that the two gatherings has been speaking to the enthusiasm of dissidents and that is a disgrace since nonconformists standards advance opportunity, human rights, laborer's privileges, a spotless situation, and more prominent financial open doors for all Americans. What's more, the two gatherings are driven by individuals who vo te in favor of their own raises.Even a portion of their thought once in a while may appear to be off-base, however they do what is best for their kin. Sources Difference among Democratic and Republican. Who do you accept? Access on September 9, 2010. <http://markshannon. com/republicandemocrat. htm> Lowi Theodore J. , Ginsberg Benjamin, and Shepsle Kenneth A. American Government: Power and Purpose. tenth ed. W. W. Norton and Company New York, 2008. Lowi Theodore J. , Ginsberg Benjamin, and Shepsle Kenneth A. American Government: Power and Purpose. tenth ed. W. W. Norton and Company Inc. New York, 2008. Page 476-504

Fdi Walmart-Asda

Outside Direct Investment Wal-Mart †ASDA Wal-Mart is an American organization, situated in Arkansas, USA that runs enormous rebate retail chains. The organization was begun in 1945 when Sam Walton open a store in Arkansas, the reason behind the organization was to marginally undermine its rivals while as yet making a benefit. This thought demonstrated an enormous achievement. In 1962 the name Wal-Mart was set up when Walton open ‘Wal-Mart Discount City’ store when the organization was consolidated in 1969 it had extended 38 stores spread more than 3 states, again working under a similar reason of increasing marginally not exactly the contenders. ASDAs life started in 1965 with the merger of Asquith general stores and Associated Dairies, the name ASDA is a contraction of the two names ASquith Dairies. In 1968 ASDA purchased two enormous stores from Government Exchange Mart (G. E. M) that were fizzling and in the principal seven day stretch of exchanging by ASDA the deals develop from ? 6,000 per week under G. E. M to ? 30,000. The space given by the size of the stores permitted ASDA to make its own scope of products, which is viewed as on of the purposes for the company’s early development. By 1981 ASDA had extended out of its northern home south with an aggregate of 80 stores. Shockingly this time likewise observed the overseeing chief leave the organization to be supplanted by John Fletcher whose plans to improve gainfulness was to build net revenue on marked things, this expanded benefits in the present moment yet brought down the organizations value seriousness, wandering ceaselessly from the company’s establishing principals. This prompted decrease in client numbers and Fletcher left the organization only 3 years after the fact. By the start of the 1990’s ASDA was self-destructing it had purchased a chain stores know as Gateway at a significant expense and was battling because of it, and ASDA entered in a bound circle of expanding costs and loosing clients. Archie Norman assumed control over the organization as CEO after the investors revolted. Rolled out some extreme improvements to the organization, totally transforming it the board style and returning back to the organizations base ‘ASDA cost †Pocket the Difference’ In the 1980’s Wal-Mart kept on extending in to southern United states and by 1987 had 1198 stores. The 1990’s saw proceeded with development it to other United states, for example, New York and by 1993 the organization had figured out how to arrive at one billion dollars worth of deals in a single week. By 1995 Wal-Mart were well on there path in to outside business sectors with 276 worldwide stores, when Wal-Mart glanced in to buying ASDA in 1999 it was the world’s biggest private manager. After ASDAs battling period in the mid 1990s, its future was gazing upward towards the finish of the 1990s. 1999 saw an enormous conversation about a ? 18 billion merger among ASDA and kingfisher, however this was close to only a trick to cover what was truly happening to ASDA. The kingfisher merger was days away when Wal-Mart made a ? 6. 7 billion offer the ASDA couldn't won't. Both ASDA and Wal-Mart had fundamentally the same as thoughts regarding the executives style and, giving the client what they needed, modest merchandise. Furthermore both had spread out from only food supplies in to different regions, for example, ASDA’s George Clothing range. The Asda securing pushes Wal-Mart into the middle of an administration request of market valuing A superb passage into the U. K. Chain Store Age, 10870601, Dec99, Vol. 75, Issue 13 The Time that Wal-Mart bought ASDA may likewise mess them up; in 1999 the workplace of reasonable exchanging asked the opposition commission to look it to the likelihood that general stores were tormenting providers. Wal-Mart are a universal brand they would have planned to utilize this to there advantage and ‘shop around’ for the least expensive products, this examination would have made them take a gander at how they source there providers to guarantee that they are not up to speed in the request. On the off chance that it wasn’t for the kingfisher merger probability Wal-Mart may have held up until the air had cleared over the examination before endeavoring a buy. England was constantly a major objective for Wal-Mart to step in to, the United Kingdom shopping society has consistently been fundamentally the same as the United States, ith the inclination to purchase everything from one shop. However, Britain was consistently Wal-Mart's extraordinary expectation. Here was a nation with a set up grocery store culture. The locals shopped in comparative manners to Americans (who will in general lean toward huge, one-stop journeys, in contrast to Germans, for instance, who purchase their ham from one store, their tissue from another) A long, long route from Bentonville. Market analyst, 00130613, 9/30/2006, Vol. 380, Issue 8497 The Asda procurement gives Wal-Mart an a dependable balance in the U. K. , where it recently had no retail nearness Knestout, Brian P. Wal-Mart Buys Britain! Eyebrows Arch! , Kiplinger's Personal Finance Magazine, 1056697X, Sep99, Vol. 53, Issue 9 ASDA would have been viewed as a decent advance by the American goliaths Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart recently didn't have a major basic food item fortification, where as with ASDAs backing there force would be expanded. Where as Wal-Mart will give ASDA large buying capacity to empower less expensive buys and in this manner lower cost to the customer. This was relied upon to cause a value drop industry wide all together for different general stores to endeavor to contend with ASDA/Wal-Mart. Much has been expounded on the great social fit between Wal-Mart and Asda†¦ Wal-Mart ought to likewise have the option to improve Asda’s purchasing terms in the two nourishments and non-food sources. The outcome will be more honed costs and decreased edges that will logically spread all through British retailing. Asda’s ability in basic food item and petroleum retailing might be useful to Wal-Mart†¦ Rogers, David S, Possible Consequences of Wal-Mart's Acquisition of ASDA, European Retail Digest; Sep99 Issue 23, p51, 2p Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions are valuable when taking a gander at how comparative/diverse two nations are from one and other. The accompanying charts show both the UKs and the USAs scores identifying with Hofstede’s Cultural Dimentions. As should be obvious from the outline the two nations are fundamentally the same as in every region, I will quickly clarify what every class is and how it identifies with Wal-store/ASDA Power Distance Index (PDI), Looks at how business in the nation are influenced by the little individuals over the administrative positions. Wal-shop has consistently pushed its self around there saying that each staff part is of equivalent significance, which would infer a low PDI. Which is the thing that both the USA and the UK appear, this implies there is a lot of uniformity between cultural levels. Independence (IDV), Looks at how an individual lives, either by his/her self in little family gatherings or in bigger network based gatherings, where everybody causes one another. Again the two nations are exceptionally near one another, and both with extremely high scores, suggesting that the two nations are independent. There are just 7 nations on the planet as per Hofstede that have Individualism as there most noteworthy worth the USA, Australia and the UK being the main 3. Manliness (MAS), Refers to how the nation is ran, a score around 50 infers that the nation is extremely assorted in sexuality with equivalent open doors for both man and ladies. Both the USA and the UK have scores of around 60 demonstrating that every nation is sensibly different regardless of whether marginally male lead. Vulnerability Avoidance Index (UAI), Shows how much a nation maintains a strategic distance from new things and new thoughts, until it is sure they acceptable. The UKs vulnerability shirking list is low, lower than the USAs and low over all, implying that another organization entering the area is probably going to be acknowledged, where as the USA is higher importance they are untrusting of new organizations, fortunately for Wal-Mart they were putting resources into to the UK meaning a low UAI was beneficial for them, however to maintain a strategic distance from any issues the kept on exchanging under the know name of ASDA. Long haul Orientation (LTO), analyzes the way of life of the nation. An area with a low Long-Term Orientation score will in general want to adhere to customary qualities, and doing as the general public expects, where as nations with high long haul direction scores look more to the future as opposed to adhering to recorded qualities. Again the two nations are likewise rate however both are low this was most likely one reason Wal-Mart kept on exchanging under ASDA in the UK so the conventionalist can keep on doing there neighborhood shopping in the spot they are se to under the name they are use to. One of the huge issues confronting Wal-Mart is that the market business in the United Kingdom is exceptionally focused, and will confront a bigger measure of rivalry in a littler region than they would in the United States. Just as a land issue, Wal-Mart tended to manufacture huge stores on empty land, where as in the United Kingdom save land is panics and neighborhood governments are hesi tant to permit the structure of huge American style retail outlets. In the United Kingdom, Wal-Mart should manage a grocery store industry that is more exceptionally moved than in the United States, an administration test on valuing just as obstruction by some neighborhood governments to the development of American-style huge box retail locations. A superb passageway into the U. K. Chain Store Age, 10870601, Dec99, Vol. 75, Issue 13 Wal-Mart settled on a hazardous choice putting resources into ASDA when they did, considering ASDAs terrible showing in the decade preceding the buy. Their planning was presumably somewhat hastier than they would have preferred, however bite the dust the kingfisher bargain being up and coming Wal-Marts chiefs needed to settle on some fast choices. As to not open gossipy tidbits about the buy to some different contenders the chiefs visited the ASDA stores just as they were people in general to check whether they accepted that ASDA was a feasible buy and that they could make the organization work for them. Wal-Mart and ASDA w

Getting the Best Welfare Essay Topics

Getting the Best Welfare Essay Topics Schools should not have anything to do with ads. Facts, finally, will always win out against how folks are feeling at a specific moment. If children aren't being well cared for, then social workers intervene to solve and manage the. Advertising and the media are now nearly inseparable from society for a whole. Social welfare includes an assortment of programs and services which benefit a target group. It's thus obvious that the majority of the welfare recipients could be connected to the welfare due to certain constraints that may disable them being independent. Consequently, welfare economics plays a critical part in specifying the benefits enjoyed by a person or a population in an economy. The period welfare economics works in line with the notion of microeconomics and can be trusted to create macroeconomic decisions. If one was doing those varieties of drugs they'd need over a cash assistance program to supply for their habit. Drug testing applicants would further help a person who may require help but doesn't understand how to acquire clean, or the most suitable direction towards the proper help they should remain free from drugs. Becoming free from drugs would then help someone not require welfare because they'd have the ability to find a normal job in the job planet, thus saving the government more income in the very long run. Fourthly, conducting drug tests among these folks may elicit a decrease in drug use but doesn't help those reliant on the drugs. It caused collapse of several economies and stock markets, massive unemployment, deflation of goods and an overall decrease in disposable incomes of the majority of households. It is essential for governments to create social welfare policies that are very similar to those applied in the United States. Undoubtedly the state holds a particular degree of obligation to its citizens, especially whenever there is a situation that's catastrophic to livelihoods. The states supply the remainder of the money and administer the program. Things You Should Know About Welfare Essay Topics Your essay may concentrate on gender issues from different areas of the world such as women rights in the Middle East and so forth. We provide an outstanding collection of topics for writing your very own argumentative essay. Although you may know what format, style guide, and whether the essay needs to be double spaced, you might be confused on what actually produces a superior essay topic. That essay w hy do quite a few of totally free essay. At the conclusion of these list, you will discover links to a range of argumentative paragraphs and essays. Here are some of our picks. The big distinction is that the argumentative essay should demonstrate a discussion instead of a single opinion. Persuasive essays share a good deal of resemblance with argumentative essays. Researching the topic will permit you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you truly like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. This argument may be correct, though I feel it isn't, and could lay out my thoughts more thoroughly at a subsequent point. The subject is quite touchy for many. It's consequently important that you carefully select a topic for your paper and have a stance on it. We've provided the collection of example social policy dissertation topics below to assist and inspire you. The first thing you might want to do once you've chosen your topic is to begin by writing an outline. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's critical to at all times be critically considering the world around us. The subject of your assignment has to be something arguable. Deciding upon a topic for this kind of essay can be hard.

Analysis Of Private Equity Funds Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1917 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Tags: Study Essay Did you like this example? A Private Equity (PE) fund is a fund which invests its money in private equity, usually to gain control over companies in order to re-structure the company. When the fund takes control of a company, it normally takes the company off the market (that is if the company is not private already), restructures the company, and then relists it on the stock market.  [1] A PE fund is raised and managed by investment professionals of a specific PE firm. Typically, a single PE firm will manage a series of distinct PE funds and will attempt to raise a new fund every 3 to 5 years as the previous fund is fully invested.  [2] PE is an asset class of equity shares that are not publicly traded on a stock exchange. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis Of Private Equity Funds Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order It is medium to long-term finance provided in return for an equity stake in potentially high growth unquoted companies. Some commentators use the term PE to refer only to the buy-out and buy-in investment sector.  [3]  Others, in Europe, but not the USA, use the term Venture Capital (VC) to cover all stages of PE. In the USA, VC refers only to investments in early stage and expanding companies.  [4]  To avoid confusion, the researcher has used the term PE throughout this project to describe the industry as a whole, encompassing both VC and management buy-outs and buy-ins. Foreign VC funds have been permitted to operate in India since 1995. Indias PE sector has shown tremendous growth rates. To look at figures, there had been a dramatic increase in fund sizes from US $10 to US $25 million just a few years ago, to between US $400 million and US $ 1 billion in 2007 (before the global economic crisis). The average deal size was around US $25 million, as opposed to US $8 millio n in 2002. These figures clearly indicate the tremendous global interest in the Indian market  [5]  . In the course of the project, the researcher would first try to analyze the sufficiency/insufficiency of the law relating to the PE investment in India. Thereafter, the managerial structural set up of a PE fund shall be discussed. The researcher will then look into the advantages and disadvantages of PE investment, especially in regard to the Indian investment scenario. Regulation of the PE Industry in India Venture Capital Regulation Until 2000, SEBI only regulated the domestic funds vide the SEBI Venture Capital Fund Regulations, 1996 and there was no mechanism to regulate the foreign investors. This put the domestic investors at a disadvantage, especially since foreign investment in most sectors was through the automatic route (i.e. direct exposure by offshore PE funds in shares of unlisted companies was treated as a foreign direct investment and had to be approved in line with the Governments general policy on foreign investments). The Government realized the need to regulate the same. In September 2000, SEBI issued a new set of regulations applicable to offshore funds, called SEBI (Foreign Venture Capital Investors) Regulations, 2000 (the 2000 Regulations). The 2000 Regulations are based on the recommendations of the Chandrashekhar Committee on Venture Capital (January 2000). These regulations were subsequently amended a number of times. As of now, with respect to investment by a foreign VC investor, it is mandatory for the investor to disclose its investment strategy. Prior to the 2004 amendment, the investor was not allowed to invest more than 25 percent of the funds committed for investments to India in one VC undertaking. However, after the amendment, an investor can now invest its total funds committed in one venture capital fund. Another significant amendment was made to sub-clause c of clause 11. Before 2004, an investor had to inv est atleast 75 percent of the investible funds in unlisted equity shares of VC undertaking and not more than 25 percent while subscribing to an initial public offering (IPO) of a VC undertaking. The investments were also subject to a lock-in period of one year. However, subsequent to the 2004 amendment, the percentages have been changed to 66.67% in the first case and 33.33% in the latter. The amendment has done away with the lock-in period requirement and has also introduced a provision for preferential allotment of equity shares of a listed company.  [6]  However, currently there are no legal or regulatory differences between venture capital and PE firms. SEBI is considering the idea of regulating PE funds. Organizational Stipulations in a PE Fund  [7] PE funds have a general partner which raises capital from institutional investors, such as high net worth individuals, pension plans, insurance companies, endowments etc. These economically sound institutional investors invest as limited partners in the fund. This partnership is normally a fixed investment vehicle that is usually ten years in addition to some extensions. Also, a yearly payment has to be made by the investors in the PE fund to the funds manager to pay for the firms investment operations. Moreover, a relatively smaller share of the profits of the investments made by the fund has to be paid (as performance incentive) to the PE funds management company. The remaining profits are paid to the funds investors. However, this payment to the fund manager is subject to the crossing of the hurdle rate (which is the minimum rate of return which must be achieved before the fund manager can receive any carried interest payments). Advantages of PE funds Low Level of Regulati on As there is no public trading involved the regulation levels are low.  [8]  For example if one were to raise funding through a public offering one would have to satisfy several requirements under the SEBI. In addition to management benefits the current regulatory requirements have increased the desirability for many companies to either go private or postpone going public.  [9]  For example, especially in the USA, many business owners cite the costly, inflexible, and invasive disclosure requirements introduced by the Sarbanes Oxley legislation as reasons for forsaking publicly traded status.  [10] Attractive valuation PE transactions are an excellent way for owners wanting to remain private and obtain significant liquidity at an attractive valuation without having to transact an outright sale. In reality, not all PE investments are structured as complete buy-outs or even majority share purchases. Some investments are simply a capital infusion in exchange for a minor ity stake.  [11]  This is often referred to as growth capital as these investments help provide the necessary capital to get companies to the next level without having to turn to the public markets. All of these investments generally result in the PE firm obtaining a seat on the board of directors of the company. Functionally, this not only serves an important monitoring role but also provides added expertise to the board. PE firms either place their own primaries on the board or assign highly qualified business colleagues who provide valuable advice and perspectives. Additionally, since many of these appointees sit or have sat on multiple boards, they can provide the traditional advantages of inter mixing of ideas between companies to bring out better results.  [12]  In a typical PE transaction, the management team will still own a large percentage of the business through a combination of retained ownership and new stock options granted by the investor. Therefore, in three to seven years when the outside investor is ready to exit their investment, the management team will receive substantial additional value for the business.  [13] Low level of interference- In a typical PE transaction, all shareholder guarantees are eliminated and day to day control remains with the management team. While most investors prefer to purchase over 50% of the equity, they have no interest in running the business on a daily basis. In addition to providing liquidity for the selling shareholders, PE firms will provide additional debt and equity capital for internal and external growth opportunities  [14]  . In most PE dealings, the management team has tremendous expansion plans but does not have the resources. These expansion plans could include opening new branch offices, entering a new line of products or services etc. PE investors are more than willing to provide the resources necessary to execute such expansion plans that are strategically sensible. Disadvant ages of PE funds Lack of Liquidity- It is very hard to reconvert shares and this usually ends up as a disadvantage to share holders who invest in PE. It cannot be bought and sold at any time. Since PE funds are not open to investment on the stock market, anybody who wants to sell stocks of a PE fund finds it difficult to locate a buyer. Since PE returns derive from an appreciation in the value of the acquired asset or company, PE investments are often followed by efforts at restructuring to revive loss-making companies or substantially improving the performance of profit-making ones. These efforts are aimed at adding worth to the investment before PE investors exit with a profit. Less appreciated forms of intervention by PE firms are those in which bought out firms are stripped of assets or are broken up so that their parts can be sold to the highest bidder for an aggregate sale price that exceeds the purchase price. PE investments are relatively illiquid, especially in the ea rly years. The usual life of a standard PE fund investment averages three to seven years. Investors in private securities by and large exit their investment and get returns through an initial public offering, a merger, or a recapitalisation. Since the companies are unlisted, investors wishing to exit their PE holding do so by selling the holding to someone else through the secondary market.  [15] Control- One of the major disadvantages of financing through private equity is that the creators must give up some control of their business, which essentially means that in situations where investors have dissimilar ideas about the companys strategy, or routine operations, they can be problematic for the business man. Furthermore, some sales of equity can be very intricate and expensive to manage and may need complicated legal work and a great deal of paperwork to ensure compliance with various regulations, which may necessitate procuring the services of attorneys and accountants.   [16] Conclusion Private equity investment in India fell by almost sixty percent in 2009 as a consequence of the global financial crisis. However, looking at the state of investment prior to the crisis, and the kind of investment that has been flowing in after the markets have revived, the same is a clear indicator of the rapid expansion of private equity in emerging markets like India which have huge growth potential. However, the question that needs to be answered at this juncture is whether India is ready to handle such investments. The researcher suggests the affirmative in this regard, as there is sufficient evidence to see that the size of such investments has grown steadily, not only from domestic but also from foreign investors, over the last decade. The most recent examples of such investments involving massive infusion of capital would be Singapore-based Temasek Holdings investment worth Rs. 880 crore in GMR. Another example would be that of Summit Partners, a 25-y ear-old US based private equity fund (that has $11 billion under management), which made its first investment in India with an infusion of $30 million in agricultural biotech firm Krishidhan Seeds Ltd. In conclusion, the researcher would like to submit that the need of the hour is to ensure a smooth and transparent functioning of such private equity investments to facilitate their robust growth in India. With such rapid expansion in private equity there is a necessity for the regulation of the same. While venture capital is regulated by the SEBI there is a need to regulate all other forms of private equity by framing laws and regulations for the same.

The Assassination of J.F.K. Essay - 1712 Words

The Assassination of J.F.K. On November 22, 1963, American history changed forever. That day the presidential motorcade of President John F. Kennedy traveled down Elm Street in Dallas, Texas. As the limousine went down past The Texas School Book Depository shots were fired. These shots, said to have been fired by Lee Harvey Oswald, struck President Kennedy and Governor Connally. The wounds to President Kennedy were fatal. This event will never be forgotten by the American people. This event and the proceeding Warren Commission investigation will be causes of arguments in this country for a long time to come. With the uncertainty of this event, it seems that everyone has their own opinion on what actually happened. These†¦show more content†¦This theory makes it so that one man would have to fire all of the rounds. Callahan states Kennedy was reported to have been shot with a 6.5 Mannlicher-Caracano rifle which takes a minimum of 2.3 seconds to load while no more than 1.7 seconds elapsed betwee n rounds,(32). That fact makes this theory impossible to be true, especially with that particular gun. So this evidence shows that there is no way that Lee Harvey Oswald could have acted alone from the Book Depository. Another theory is the Friendly Fire theory. This theory given By Bonar Menninger suggested Kennedy was shot by Secret Service agent George Hickey who accidentally discharged his AR-15 in the direction of Kennedy after being startled by the first two shots of Oswald,(251). This theory is based on the research of ballistics expert Howard Donahue, who firmly believes that by the way the head of President Kennedy was positioned, the fatal bullet must have traveled at a trajectory equal to the grade of the street (Callahan 40). This theory does not make any sense for two reasons. First, the bullets supposedly came from a Mannlicher-Caracano rifle. The weapon that Hickey was carrying was an AR-15, not the type said to have killed Kennedy. Also, it seems odd that a secret service agent would have his gun aimed at the person that he was protecting. It would seem more likely that someone in the crowed would have been shot if aShow MoreRelatedThe J.F.K. Assassination1801 Words   |  8 PagesThe J.F.K. Assassination The 1960 Presidential election was won by John F. Kennedy who defeated the incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon by the narrowest margin in history. Kennedy, a senator from Massachusetts was the only Roman Catholic and the youngest man elected to the presidency. In 1963, during his third year in office President Kennedys popularity increased and he had already started planning for his reelection campaign. On the morning of November 23, 1963, the President flew to DallasRead MoreEssay on Truth Or Fiction: The J.f.k. Assassination929 Words   |  4 Pages Truth or Fiction: The J.F.K. Assassination In a world with so many problems--- crime, drugs, murder, poverty--- Americans should be able to trust in the government for help. However, it is not safe to do so. Thus is the outcome of the Kennedy assassination. While the government was so busy trying to convince the public that Lee Harvey Oswald brutally murdered John F. Kennedy, they missed one important thing. The truth. The facts. Insufficient medical and hospital procedures, suspicious incidentsRead MoreEssay on John F Kennedy JFK1661 Words   |  7 Pagesbiographical data about J.F.K., interesting or little known facts, why I chose J.F.K. for my biography and information about what I heroes. Well start off with why I chose J.F.K. for my biography report. I chose John F. Kennedy for my biography report because I find that almost all of his life is very interesting. I first discovered my interest in J.F.K. when I was watching a show about his assassination which took place on November 22, 1963. Now that Ive done research on J.F.K. I have found that almostRead MoreThe Mafia Did Not Kill John F. Kennedy1153 Words   |  5 PagesNew York: Little, Brown and Company, 2003. http://forums.armageddononline.org/index.php. 25 June 2005. Armageddon Online Forums. 19 May 2010 http://forums.armageddononline.org/poll-killed-jfki-t4814.html. Magazine, Time. The Assassination: Did the Mob Kill J.F.K.? 21 June 2007. Pace, Eric. Judith Exner Is Dead at 65; Claimed Affair With Kennedy. New York, 27 September 1999. Taraborrelli, J. Randy. Jackie, Ethel, Joan. New York: Warner Books, 2000. Wood, Matt. UIC Professor Debunks ChicagoRead MorePresident John F. Kennedy1126 Words   |  5 Pageshe also would help others who wanted to help the country if they couldn’t afford it. 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Kennedy did face some majorRead MoreThe Assassination That Changed the Nation1207 Words   |  5 Pagesto be in that place at that place Fig. 1. JFKs assassination, Dallas, Texas, November 1963 Life magazine comment on the photos from the Zapruder film, with praise, â€Å"a remarkable and exclusive serious of pictures which show for the first time and in tragic detail, the fate which befell our President† (â€Å"JFKs Assassination, Frame By Frame: Key Stills From The Zapruder Film† par ). The historical photo of President John F. Kennedys assassination was one of the first shocking events of that decadeRead MoreJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy And Joseph Kennedy1796 Words   |  8 Pagesmarried Jacqueline Bouvier, a writer from The Washington Times-Herald. J.F.K. liked to learn about people who stood up for what they believed and in 1954 wrote a book during his recovery from his back surgery, called Profiles in Courage. The book won the Pulitzer Prize for biography in 1957 because it highlighted U.S. Senators who risked their careers to fight for their beliefs. His first child, Caroline was also born this year. J.F.K. had become a very well liked politician. He started campaigning inRead MoreThe Kennedy Assassination Essay1015 Words   |  5 PagesThe Kennedy Assassination President John F. Kennedy was travelling along a predetermined motorcade route in Dallas, Texas when he was fatally shot, receiving wounds to the chest, back, and head. Shortly after the assassination, Dallas police arrested former U.S. Marine Corps Private Lee Harvey Oswald. On November 24 of the same year, Jack Ruby, owner of a Dallas nightclub, shot Oswald. Less than a year after the two murders, on September 24, 1964, the Warren CommissionRead MoreWho Is My Favorite Political Leader?2116 Words   |  9 PagesPrize winning, ladies and gentlemen the 35th president of the United states of America, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, (Life of John F. Kennedy,† n.d). John Fitzgerald Kennedy, better known as J.F.K, was the 35th president of the United States, who was of the Democratic Party and a war hero. A brief description of J.F.K entails that he is of Irish descent, and was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, on May 29, 1917, (Life of John F. Kennedy,† n.d). He graduated from Harvard in 1940, and then he entered the

The Oboe History and Select Works Essay Example For Students

The Oboe History and Select Works Essay The regular oboe first appeared in the mid-17th century, when it was called hautbois. The oboe belongs to the group of instruments called the woodwinds. In the case of the oboe it is air that vibrates and so it is classified as an aero phone, or enclosed or free masses of air. The original source of air comes from the oboist blowing air into the reed. The oboe has a double reed. When air is blown it goes over and under the reeds and causes them to vibrate. When both of these reeds are vibrating they pinch together rapidly. After researching famous oboist performers I found a few good references. Robert Bloom was a world-oboist and oboe teacher with a summer house on Great Cranberry Island. Bloom started his orchestral career playing second oboe and then English horn with the Philadelphia Orchestra (1930-36); his first job as principal was with Jose Iturbi in the Spanish maestros pre-MGM days as conductor of the Rochester Philharmonic. Bloom died in 1994. A few years later he was honored by becoming the first American oboist to be listed in Groves Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Another famous oboist is Tomaso Giovanni Albinoni, and he was particularly fond of the oboe, a relatively new introduction in Italy, and is credited with being the first Italian to compose oboe concertos (Op. 7, 1715). Albinoni seem to have been a oboist that was not recognized but produced a lot of pieces. A Swiss Oboist, conductor and composer Heinz Holliger, 70 years old, is one of Europes most accomplished musicians. Mr. Holliger is a regular guest conductor at the Vienna Konzerthaus, the Basel Musik Forum and the Zurich Opera House. In high demand as a composer, Heinz Holliger’s works are published exclusively by Schott Music International. Holliger was a man whose musical work sparked minds of others. He was so remarkably different than any other male composer. He gained much experience while being involved with the Opera House. He had many music forms that he used as a composer. Famous composers who have written music for oboe include Ludwig van Beethoven, John Williams, Gustav Mahler, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Richard Strauss, Vaughan Williams and Andrew Lloyd Webber. Repertoire http://www. naxos. com http://www. wqxr. org/#! /story/101244-ten-favorite-pieces-oboe/ Five famous pieces: Albinoni, Tomaso Giovanni Oboe Concerto in C Major, Op. 9, No. 5 1. I. Allegro 00:03:29 2. II. Adagio (non troppo) 00:01:58 3. III. Allegro 00:03:15 Handel, George Frideric Oboe Concerto No. 3 in G Minor, HWV 287 4. I. Grave 00:02:29 5. II. Allegro 00:01:57 Righini, Vincenzo Idomeneus Concerto 6. Idomeneus Concerto 00:03:49 Richard Strauss – Concerto for Oboe and Small Orchestra in D major Recording pick: Hansjorg Schellenberger, oboe with the Berlin Philharmonic conducted by James Levine (Deutsche Grammophon) Vincent D’Indy – Fantasy on French folk tunes for orchestra and solo oboe, Op. 31 Recording pick: Lajos Lencses, oboe with the Berlin Radio Orchestra conducted by Hans E. Zimmer (Capriccio) Georg Philipp Telemann – Concerto for Oboe and Strings # 18 in D minor Recording pick: Thomas Indermuhle, oboe with the English Chamber Orchestra (Novalis) The Virginia Symphony has a famous orchestra. George Corbett serves as oboist, English hornist and clinician. He has recorded with the Virginia Symphony, Santo Domingo Music Festival and Eastman Wind Ensemble. The Virginia Symphony presented him to perform three selections: Debussy’s Rhapsodie and Donizetti’s Concertino for English Horn as well as the recent world premier of Kenneth Fuch’s Eventide for English Horn, Strings and Percussion. His playing has been highlighted by the Virginia Gazette as â€Å"marked (with) expression and feeling, superbly displaying his rich tone, musicianship, virtuoso skills and sensitivity. † By far Mr. Corbett is one great oboist of the new century. Another famous orchestra is the Cleveland Orchestra. Jeffrey Rathbun was born in Missouri on March 17, 1959, and was appointed Assistant Principal oboe of the Cleveland Orchestra by Christoph von Dohnanyi. During 2001-2003, Jeffrey Rathbun served as Principal oboe of the Cleveland Orchestra. Currently Rathbun is an active composer, and the Cleveland Orchestra has premiered his Daredevil , Three Psalms of Jerusalem, and Motions for Cellos, performed by the Cleveland cello section.

Why Do Prices Of Some Goods Fluctuate More Than Others Essays

Why do prices of some goods fluctuate more than others Q. Why do prices of some goods fluctuate more than others? A. It is a well known fact, that various prices of goods fluctuate at various levels. The products which fluctuate most in price are often held to be necessities, but what is that makes these changes, and which factors influence them. Before trying to conclude which goods fluctuate most price- wise and why, it seems sensible to ask which group these products belong. As mentioned necessities are known to be inelastic, but so are a lot of products with no close substitutes like for example motor cars, petrol, tobacco and alcoholic drinks. Now what do these goods have in common, one might ask. Well, for starters they all have a very inelastic demand. In these situations we get the graph as the one below (1.A). From 1.A it is obvious that if quantity by some reason decreases from Q1 to Q2 this gives a quite high increase in price from P1 to P2. From this it can be concluded that a small change in quantity of a product which has low elasticity, results in high changes in price, i.e. a lot of price fluctuations. On the other hand we have products who's prices rarely fluctuate as for example luxuries. Here again it is obvious that a change in quantity demanded will result in only a little change in price. This is displayed in the graph 1.B below. Here we can see that quantity changes from Q1 to Q2 resulting on the change P1 to P2, which here concludes that the products like luxuries have highly elastic demand, resulting in only small price fluctuations. From the above I can conclude that the reason why some goods fluctuate more price wise than others is due to the elasticity of the examined good.

Vicarious Learning Essays

Vicarious Learning Essays Vicarious Learning Essay Vicarious Learning Essay The Four Types of Vicarious Learning There are four separate types of vicarious learning. These are worth knowing, because they enable you can expect learners to change their behaviour as a result of observing someone else experience the principles described throughout this chapter. These four types of vicarious learning are summarized in Table 12. The Modeling Effect occurs when a person almost directly duplicates a behavior he has seen someone else perform and which the observer has not previously suppressed. The observer displays new behaviors that prior to the modeling had a zero probability of occurring. For example, my son bats the way he does because Barry Larkin is successful with that batting stance. The Eliciting Effect occurs when the observer performs a behavior to the models, but still somewhat different. For example, if I hear that a famous celebrity has donated $50,000 to charity, I would be demonstrating the Eliciting Effect if this generosity prompted me to volunteer to umpire Little League basebal games. The Disinhibitory Effect occurs when a person who has previously refrained from a behavior goes ahead and performs that behavior after seeing a model perform the behavior without receiving any negative consequences. For example, if I already knew how to speed in my automobile but refrained from doing so out of fear of a speeding ticket, I could demonstrate the Disinhibitory Effect by driving more quickly after several cars passed me on the expressway with no apparent negative consequences. The Inhibitory Effect occurs when a person refrains from a behavior after seeing a model punished for engaging in that behavior. For example, I once stopped asking questions in a high school class after I saw several students receive assignments to write reports on topics about which they asked questions. As Table 12. 1 shows, any of these four types of vicarious learning can lead to the development of either desirable or undesirable behaviors. TABLE 12. 1 Descriptions and Examples of Specific Types of Vicarious (Observational) Learning. Description Positive Example Negative Example Modeling Effect (A person directly imitated - models- the behavior of another person. )A person almost directly duplicates a behavior he has seen someon else perform and which the observer has not previously suppressed. The teacher uses an effective thinking strategy to solve a word problem, and the student employs that same strategy when faced with a similar problem in the future. The teacher responds sarcastically to a student question. Students who witness this sarcasm later use the same strategy in responding to their peers. Eliciting Effect (A behavior is elicited - drawn forth - rather than duplicated. )A person performs a behavior to the models, but still somewhat different. The teacher uses an effective thinking strategy to solve a word problem. When the student is faced with a similar problem in the future, he tries a different strategy which is similar (but not identical) to the one used by the teacher and which the student already knew how to employ. The teacher responds sarcastically to a student question. A student who witnesses this sarcasm later punches a friend who annoys him. Disinhibitory Effect (The person gets rid of an inhibition - hesitation - to do something. ) A person who has previously refrained from a behavior goes ahead and per-forms that behavior after seeing a model do so without receiving any negative consequences. A student is afraid to give a speech to the class because she thinks her classmates will make fun of her. A friend gives a speech, and no one makes fun of the friend. The student is now more willing to give her own speech. A student refrains from chewing gum in class, because she knows this behavior will be punished. A classmate in the front row chews gum, and the substitute teacher does nothing about it. The first student also begins chewing gum. Inhibitory Effect (The person is inhibited - stopped - from doing the behavior. )A person refrains from a behavior after seeing a model punished for engaging in that behavior. A child stops cheating on tests when he sees a movie in which a child is punished for cheating on tests. A child stops volunteering information in class because he thinks the teacher reacts harshly to other children who volunteer information. Models that people imitate take a wide variety of forms. A student may imitate another student, a teacher, a parent, a sports celebrity, a movie star, a cartoon character, a fictional character in a novel, a person demonstrating a skill in an educational film - anyone performing a behavior that can be observed (even in the observers imagination) can qualify as a model. It is also important to note that the behavior to be imitated takes shape within the mind of the observer. This means that if the observer thinks the model has been reinforced for performing a behavior, then the observer is likely to imitate that behavior - even if the model did not really perform that behavior or even if the model himself perceived the consequences to be unpleasant rather than pleasant. It is even possible to have people serve as models for themselves. For example, a teacher could view a videotape of her own performance in the classroom. If her performance contained errors, feedback from a knowledgeable colleague could enable her to visualize how she would do a better job next time. Athletes often use tapes of themselves during good times to teach themselves ways to improve during a slump in their performance. Box 12. 1 Accidental Modeling Kirk uses very offensive language in talking back to Mr. Winters. Mr. Winters realizes that Kirk is just trying to get his attention, and so he calmly ignores Kirk and attempts to go on with the class. Soon, other students start using offensive language. Ida is the first student of the year to fail to bring in her math assignment. Mrs. Peters knows from previous experience that keeping her for a detention will not be aversive to Ida but that a call to Idas mother will probably stop the problem for the rest of the year. However, several of the other students think that Ida has gotten by without doing her work, and so they slack off on their own work. Mary makes a slightly rude remark to Mr. King. Mr. King knows that Mary is testing him, and so he comes down on her with a very severe rebuke in front of the entire class. In addition, he talks to Mary alone after class, and urges her to stop playing games and get on with her job of learning. Mary appreciates Mr. Kings interest and decides to bear down and do good work in the course. However, several of the students in the class who dont know Mary or Mr. King very well decide to be as quiet as possible in the class. Whenever Mr. King raises a question, they look down so that he wont call on them and ridicule them. In the first two examples, the observers inaccurately concluded that Kirk and Ida were receiving reinforcement for their undesirable behaviors. Even though this perception was inaccurate, these observers still experienced vicarious reinforcement, and their behaviors were strengthened. In the third example, Mr. King has taken successful steps to minimize negative side effects in Mary; but the negative side effects have had an impact on other students. By anticipating such accidental modeling, we can greatly reduce inappropriate learning.

Cost Accounting Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cost Accounting - Case Study Example in the coordination of activities and functions within the corporate framework of the firm as well as helping administer each of the functional areas or activity centers of the company. The ability of internal managers to plan and control the activities within the company rely heavily upon the timeliness and quality of the financial and cost information provided by accounting. Cost accounting provides the necessary internal financial framework for management to plan and control the firm’s activities while providing feedback (Horngren & Foster & Datar). The concept of feedback refers to the ability of management to examine past decisions and financial performance in order to better formulate the companys strategy for the future. The three major functions of modern accounting systems are: To help internal management plan, control and make regular everyday decisions- This routine information helps managers better manage their firm resources, assist with strategic short and long term planning, and determining product/service cost or total costs by allocating the different direct and indirect expenses to the appropriate cost driver or activity. Non-routine internal reporting- There are many instances when a manager or internal decision maker needs to have specific internal financial information that is not normally reported under their standards accounting system which involve some new potential capital investment or activity. Financial external reporting to stakeholders- Investors, banks, government and other outside parties require information regarding the firms past financial performance and financial reporting provide the means for these parties to learn about the companys operations and overall financial performance. There are different approaches in modern cost accounting to help managers determine the total product service or service costs, as well as allocating expenses to the appropriate product or service within their business portfolio. The design of

Opioid Prescriptions for Chronic Pain and Overdose Research Paper

Opioid Prescriptions for Chronic Pain and Overdose - Research Paper Example The authors want to use this study to understand if there is a correlation between prescribed opioid therapy and opioid-related overdose. The authors have made it known that no such study has been previously undergone that evaluates the overdose risk in patients receiving prescribed opioids for chronic pain, which is why this study needed to be undergone. This study was conducted at Group Health Cooperative in Seattle, Washington. The patients involved in the study were 9940 people who had received three or more opioid prescriptions no more than ninety days prior to the study for chronic noncancer pain between the years of 1997 and 2005. These participants had to be at least eighteen years of age, if not older, and had to have been diagnosed with any of the eligible pains, which consisted of back or neck pain, menstrual pain, headache, abdominal pain or hernia, osteoarthritis, and fractures, contusions, or injuries. Anybody seeking to participate in this study that had a pain other t han what was eligible was dismissed from the study. The participants in the study also had to be enrolled at Group Health Cooperative at least two hundred and seventy days prior to the onset of the study. ... Further automated health care data was used to obtain information about the patient, anything from their personal background to their pain diagnosis. Additional measurements were made in regard to the amount of sedatives that were dispensed to patients. Other medical records were perused to identify potential overdoses of opioids; reviews of medical records were also undergone to classify and validate cases of overdose. A Cox proportional hazards model was implemented into the study to determine the risk for overdose based on each individual and their average daily dose of opioids. Simple observation was also undertaken, which involved monitoring the participants of the study and the amount of opioids that were to take each day and their reaction to the medication. It was noted the previous opioid use prior to any given day during the study. Observations were used until individual patients became disqualified from the study, either from disenrollment from the facility or from their h ealth care provider, their first overdose, death, or the end of the observational period. The authors made it known that after the initial ninety days of the study, the patients were followed for an additional forty-two months to ensure complete results and to make sure that nothing was overlooked. Of the original 9940 people that were involved in the study, 61% had complete follow-up, most of which lasted until the end of the study period, 32% left Group Health Cooperative and were therefore unable to finish out the study, and 7% of the participants had died. The introduction of the the results section of the article also went into detail about the mean age of the participants and the mean dosage of daily opioids. A table was provided to

Good V. Evil Essay Example for Free

Good V. Evil Essay The Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde represents a conflict between good and evil. One character (Jekyll) is determined to keep his impulses in check and ignore temptations, while the other character, Mr. Hyde, is brazen and submits to any temptation or impulse. The four main characters in the story are all men of similar social class who are capable of keeping their impulses in check and denying the temptations of evil. In the case of Dr. Jekyll however, Dr. Jekyll is not able to say no to the evils and uses an alternate identity to unleash the monster from within. The story of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde can be easily related to the reader, as everybody knows the temptations of evil and the pleasures that both good and evil can bring somebody. Dr. Jekyll experiences strong tendencies of both good and bad. Unlike most men of Dr. Jekylls age and geography, Jekyll cannot keep himself from indulging in the pleasures that the evil side can provide. Jekylls trip into extreme evil (Mr. Hyde) is partially due to the fact that he has lived such an acceptable and exemplinary life in the past and he holds himself to a higher standard than some of his collegues. Robert Louise Stevenson describes Dr, Jekyll as a man who his friends were those of his own blood or those whom he had known the longest. (Ch1. P2) Dr. Jekyll seems to only trust those whom he was most comfortable with and does not let people that he barely knows too close into his life. It is possible that Dr. Jekyll did not reach out and become friends with too many people because he was aware of the evilness that was lurking inside of him. The attitude of Dr. Jekyll is described in the opening paragraph as at friendly meetings and when the wine was to his taste, something eminently human beaconed from his eyeStevenson. Could it be possible that Dr. Jekyll was aware of the evil secret life that he hides from the real world? It appears that there was something a little strange about Dr. Jeykll that others couldnt exactly figure out yet. Mr. Enfield is asked by Mr. Utterson to describe Dr. Jekyll so Enfield describes Jekyll as somebody who I never saw a man I so disliked. he gives a strong feeling of deformity, although I couldnt specify the pointStevenson,pg. 1680. The bad side of Dr. Jekyll is evident just by his demeanor although it is nothing compared to the evilness of Mr. Hyde. Mr. Hyde represents the dark side of Dr, Jekyll. Hyde only comes to life when Jekyll takes the drug that brings him out. The drug that unleashes Hyde at first makes Jekyll feel terribly sick but shortly after, Jekyll feels incredible and almost as though he is not human. Jekylls evil fantasies and impulses become a reality after he takes the drug. The drug makes Jekyll feel like he is a whole different person and that allows him to do whatever evil things he wants to do. The good in Jekyll is only returned if he takes an antidote. Just like many other people there is a constant struggle between good and evil of our everyday lives. People who struggle with drugs or alcohol or any other worldly temptations live a similar life to the one that Dr. Jekyll lives. Life is not easy for anybody and sometimes people need to escape their reality for a little while by taking a drug just like Jekyll does. Stevenson does well in creating a parallel between good and evil that people can relate to in their everyday lives. Stevensons story is very similar to a modern film called Limitless staring Bradley Cooper. In Limitless, Cooper, a young man struggling to pay his bills, tries a new drug that gives him extreme brain power which he uses to achieve great wealth and success. The success is only attainable with the use of the drug and without the drug, Cooper becomes sick and very weak, similar to what happens with Dr. Jekyll when he is without the drug. Just like Jekyll, Coopers health starts to dwindle as the supply of drugs becomes smaller and smaller. Stevenson is perhaps trying to teach the reader a valuable lesson in saying no to the temptations of evil. These temptations can often be difficult to ignore. Stevnson seems to suggest the Dr. Jekyll is the victim of a split personality disorder which was a new concept during the Victorian age. The only difference between Dr. Jekylls condition and a split personality disorder is that in the case of somebody suffering from split personalities, the person is aware of the other personality and can bring this person out willfully. Mr. Hyde however, cannot control Jekylls personalty and is not even aware of him. Dr. Jekyll is aware of Mr, Hyde though and understands the evilness that Mr. Hyde causes when Jekyll loses control and takes the drug too much. Mr. Hyde begins to take complete control Stvenson might be suggesting that even if a person is good, once they give into their evil tendencies there is no trunigng back. When Dr. Jekyll starts to flirt with hs bad sidem he begins to lose control of his personality and he eventually loses his friends and good nature. Stevnson displays the power of good will and the consewuences of even the first approach at evil. Once somebody is indulged into a bad habit, they can let their abad habit take control of their lives and it becomes extremely difficult to come back from the evilness once it has become a major part of your life. Dr. Jekyll says, with every day and from both sides of my intelligence, the moral and intellectual, I thus drew steadily nearer to the truthby whose partial discovery I have been doomed to such a dreadful shipwreck: that man is not truly one, but truly two Stevenson. Jekyll is describing the affects of his choices and how he is now truning into his bad side for good because that is the person that he has become. Stevensons main goal in writing this story is to create horror and excitement for the reader. He leaves the reader to draw their own conclusions about the message in the story but it is clear to me that this story is about human nature and the batte of good vs. evil. Once a human gives into their temtations they are more likely to indulge in these evil deeds again and again. Dr. Jekyll tried a drug that made him into a different person and he enjoye giving into his evil tendencies. Eventually these evil tendencies took control over Jekyll and he became too evil to return to the good natured Dr. the his colleagues knew.

John Cabell Breckinridge :: essays research papers

John Cabell Breckinridge One day I was walking around the grounds at the capitol building in Frankfort. There sitting alone in the First Lady’s rose garden on a bench was a solemn looking fellow. He looked very distressed and confused. So, I inquired if he was feeling well or needed something. He replied that he had just discovered everyone he had ever loved was gone and for some odd reason he was all that was left. I wasn’t sure what he meant by that so I sat down beside him. He was dressed quit dapper in a dark suit with an upturned collar and some sort of fanciful scarf wrapped around his neck very tightly like a tie. I also noticed his shoes appeared to fit either foot and he had a bright gold watch chain. I thought all this was very odd, and assumed he may have been a reenacter at the capitol building. I began to inquire about his behavior the following is the account of this bizarre conversation. I started by introducing myself, he said his name was Gen. John Breckinridge and he was in search of Gov. Leslie. I thought this was odd because Leslie was governor in the late 1800†s (1871-75). At first I told him Paul Patton was the governor this seemed to confuse him greatly. He asked me where I procured my clothing, I told him in Carrollton. He then asked if I knew Gen. Butler. I replied that I had only known his name and who he was and that I had never met him. As he began to tell me about Butler, his own life and some of the places he had been, I could do nothing but sit and listen in awe. He told me that he was born Jan., 21st 1821 and during his younger years he had studied law at several colleges. These included Transylvania University were he earned his Associates in Arts degree, then continued studying law at Centre College and graduated from Princeton University in 1839. He had gone to Iowa to practice law with a partner Thomas Bullock who was also from the Lexington area. I asked why he went so far to practice, his answer was that this was about as far west you could go and still be â€Å"civilized†. Also he speculated in land and owned several plots in this northwestern state. John Cabell Breckinridge :: essays research papers John Cabell Breckinridge One day I was walking around the grounds at the capitol building in Frankfort. There sitting alone in the First Lady’s rose garden on a bench was a solemn looking fellow. He looked very distressed and confused. So, I inquired if he was feeling well or needed something. He replied that he had just discovered everyone he had ever loved was gone and for some odd reason he was all that was left. I wasn’t sure what he meant by that so I sat down beside him. He was dressed quit dapper in a dark suit with an upturned collar and some sort of fanciful scarf wrapped around his neck very tightly like a tie. I also noticed his shoes appeared to fit either foot and he had a bright gold watch chain. I thought all this was very odd, and assumed he may have been a reenacter at the capitol building. I began to inquire about his behavior the following is the account of this bizarre conversation. I started by introducing myself, he said his name was Gen. John Breckinridge and he was in search of Gov. Leslie. I thought this was odd because Leslie was governor in the late 1800†s (1871-75). At first I told him Paul Patton was the governor this seemed to confuse him greatly. He asked me where I procured my clothing, I told him in Carrollton. He then asked if I knew Gen. Butler. I replied that I had only known his name and who he was and that I had never met him. As he began to tell me about Butler, his own life and some of the places he had been, I could do nothing but sit and listen in awe. He told me that he was born Jan., 21st 1821 and during his younger years he had studied law at several colleges. These included Transylvania University were he earned his Associates in Arts degree, then continued studying law at Centre College and graduated from Princeton University in 1839. He had gone to Iowa to practice law with a partner Thomas Bullock who was also from the Lexington area. I asked why he went so far to practice, his answer was that this was about as far west you could go and still be â€Å"civilized†. Also he speculated in land and owned several plots in this northwestern state.

Educational Studies (Primary) with Art Essay

‘Art is a time traveller; art is an omnipresent teller of story. It’s more effective than CNN, the BBC and Sky News put together. Art is all the poems read, at all the funerals and weddings that happened, on every day of every year of your life, from every class, gender and sexuality of human being. The freedom to write is a sign of a free society. Art is the greatest symbol, the greatest expression of freedom. No wonder writers are a threat to repressive regimes; it’s because of the greatness and importance of books. Art bridges the gap between the spiritual world and the physical one; at times of great need, trauma, loss, celebration, union, hope, introduction, we need the bridge, we need art. It’s why there is song, it’s why there is poetry, it’s why there is dance, and it’s why there is music. What can art do? Art can save lives; people need the bridge over their troubled waters, because art is life. This is not an exaggeration; take away those songs those poems, paintings and music and leave citizens bereft of expression. Art offers a quality of life and of experience, a fundamental  power of art is to articulate. If aliens visited us, they would get a truer representation of the human being through art than through anything else. Art is as close to the environment as human beings can get. What art can do is what it does. I have seen homeless men and women speak, who have not spoken before, due to some unspeakable trauma. I have seen poems bring the invisible into focus on national radio. I have seen crying children smile. I have seen poems change lives. It’s why poems are read at weddings, funerals, births, on royal occasions and personal occasions, when soldiers are at war, and in peacetime. We turn to art because it is the greatest expression of humanity avail able to all.’ (Sissay, L., 2010) The essence of good art teaching is to harness the creative ability, which is already part of every child. We are catalyst, enquirer, developer and delegator to the creative young minds we try to teach. (Barnes, R., 2002, p.180) This art assignment will analyse a piece of work by chosen artist Judy Pfaff and her role in my project called ‘Dancing at the edge of chaos’, aimed at KS2 children, which consists of four developmental workshops, with the theme of ‘installation art’. (Appendix A-D) Judy Pfaff was born in 1946 in London, England. Her impressive career spans more than thirty-three years of making art across the globe. She began as a painter at Yale, but soon became recognised for her highly original sculptures laden with emotional impact. Pfaff explores space and matter and all that lies between painting and sculpture, two dimensions and three dimensions. Her work is laced with an intense physicality and exhilarating sense of chaos that continues to evolve throughout her art. Besides the ambitious sculpture installations for which Pfaff is renowned, she is a talented engineer, builder, welder and fabricator who tackles huge projects hands-on from start to finish. Her repertoire includes drawings, collages, prints and mixed media constructions, as well as highly complex multi-layered prints. Her prints incorporate collage elements and cut  papers. She employs a variety of media including photogravure (a method of printing high quality images in large editions, using photographic and etching techniques) encaustic (hot wax painting), lithography (a method of printing that used from a flat stone or metal plate with grease and water) silkscreen, woodcuts and more. (The College of Saint Rose, 2009) The artist has presented more than one hundred and fifty solo exhibitions and has participated in more than two hundred and fifty group and traveling exhibitions in the United States, Europe and South America. Pfaff has influenced younger artists either whom she has taught over the years or who have seen her work in hundreds of venues throughout the world. Pfaff sums it up: ‘†¦you should be allowed to test murky, unclear, unsure territory or all you have left are substitutes that signify these positions. Having it all together is the least interesting thing in art, in being alive.’ (Prince, S. E., 2008) The piece of art I have chosen as a starting point for four-lesson scheme of artwork is Judy Pfaff’s â€Å"N.Y.C- B.Q.E†. (Appendix E) Judy says, I think there’s always a melancholy in the work, though everyone has always thought of my work as being very happy, or jaunty, or- what’s that word I get- an explosion in a glitter factory. There’s always something that seemed carefree, easy-going. I can hardly remember that. I mean I can have a good time and I can be light-hearted. But there’s another quality that will get in, especially with the latest works. (Art 21, 2001) I found artist Judy Pfaff extremely inspiring because she has created huge amounts of diverse artwork throughout her career. She is a very ambitious artist with vigorous vision, which is echoed through her highly intense sculptures. Her work is never just about a particular element such as abstract form, rather an environment to be explored and experienced. Her  style of work links well with the project because the idea was to encourage the children to be spontaneous and to develop a skilful, yet sensitive use of materials, rather than just filling the space without a narrative. This element of extemporaneity and walking into a space and not knowing what will happen is exactly how Pfaff likes to work. Her installations are not simply just about scale and even though they appear to be quite chaotic, Judy plans with her assistants to figure out what they want to do with materials they haven’t worked with before. Assistant Ryan Muller at Judy Pfaff’s studio in Tivoli, New York talks about what he has learnt by working with Judy, As an artist myself, she has taught me a lot just about working on scales and persevering. She is in the studio constantly. She said a lot of her work gets done after we all leave. A lot of us will always be making theses images for her to work with; twisting the steal and giving her imagery to use and then when everybody has gone she has processed it all. She is in love with her work and that is inspiring. (Art 21, 2011) Despite Judy Pfaff’s set of diverse skills, to create one of her impressive installations involves a team of very skilled individuals. I was able to adapt some of the processes Judy Pfaff uses to create her installations, to be suitable for KS2 children, by planning activities which are accessible to them, so they could do the cutting, constructing, building, gluing, joining and engage with materials they had not used before, in a safe and stimulating environment. Once the children had been introduced to Judy Pfaff and some of the methods used in installation art, they were able to start straight away with experimenting with materials and creating their own installations. It was important to pitch the activities at the right level in each workshop, including starting small and building up to working on a large scale, all the time building their confidence and skills with the materials. All the materials I chose were easy to get hold of such as the cardboard boxes and wooden blocks, safe to use and stimulating enough for the children to engage with. The installation â€Å"N.Y.C – B.Q.E† is so complex  with so much to see; I found it enabled me to plan for many different art activities because it has so much scope. Pfaff’s dynamic, energetic, large-scale works incorporate many different media. However, I chose to gear the project to the handling materials aspect and getting the children involved in very hands on activities using their senses. Viktor Lowenfield, one of the great innovators in the field of art education, said, in his book Creativity, Education’s Stepchild: A Sourcebook for Creative Thinking: Creative persons, we find, are among other things unusually sensitive to what they see, hear, touch, etc. They respond rapidly to the â€Å"feel† and grain of a piece of wood, the texture and flexibility of clay, things often hidden. On the 28th October 1988 Angela Rumbold presented a speech to the ‘National Association for Education in the Arts’ whereby she said, Art, especially the teaching of it to young children, can enrich life by bringing to our attention the quality of such enlivening experiences. Through art, children can retain that sense of wonder and delight which all too easily becomes lost as later concerns of adult life take over. Without art and design, we lose the freedom to express out innermost thoughts and fears. Children’s knowledge and understanding of artistic and historical moments would be limited to the gamut to which their home life exposes them. (Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, 1989) I wanted the children to experience some hands on building and constructing using a range of three-dimensional objects. â€Å"N.Y.C – B.Q.E† gives you a strong feel of being on the beach and by the sea, with light and life moving all around you which was my inspiration for the 30ft sandpit, which the children explored and created installations using more natural materials in  the third workshop. Pfaff’s work is full of life and inspired me to be quite ambitious with the planning, as I wanted to include a wide range of activities, which involved the children being actively engaged with materials and taking responsibility for decisions. My aims involved developing the children’s knowledge and understanding of colour, texture, space and composition by providing them with first hand experiences of experimenting with materials, investigating how it can be used and challenges where the child’s thinking and planning can clearly be seen. According to Margaret Morgan, County Art Adviser for Suffolk, ‘Experience and discussion of natural and manmade stimuli is crucial if the children’s awareness of form, feel, texture, pattern, weight and temperature qualities is to develop.’ (Morgan, M., 1988, p.82) Planning: central to all effective teaching, whatever the subject, is planning, asking the important questions such as, ‘What do I want the children to learn in this session? How can that learning be best achieved?’ Clear, appropriate learning intentions, setting yourself and the children challenging, engaging and achievable targets, reliant on an understanding of the children’s needs and abilities and the resources available, is essentially what teaching is all about. (Skelton, T., & Joy, E, 2001) While I was planning I drew inspiration from the key elements inherent to art education, which Margaret Morgan recommended in her book, ‘Art 4-11’: * Sensory experience: during the four workshops, the children used their senses to explore different types of materials and build installations in different environments. They carried out activities concerned with ‘feel’ and ‘touch’, which together will raise their visual awareness and the exploration of form, space and texture. * Ability to work independently and develop ideas, isolate problems and deal with them: In the last workshop the children were in charge of a particular area to set up ready for the  final exhibition. They had the responsibility of arranging an installation to make it fit with another in the setting. During all four of the workshops, the children were continuously developing ideas through practical handling of materials. * Practical experience and awareness of the potential line, shape, colour, pattern, texture, tone and form; of tools and materials and media; and of communication by graphic means: This was one of the most important outcomes for the children to achieve by the end of the project, as throughout they were handling a range of tools and materials in order to raise their awareness of their qualities and how they can be used in art. * Ability to enjoy and respond critically and intelligently to art and design forms, past and present: The children were introduced to the notion of installation art in the first workshop, where they were asked to share their immediate responses to it and explored how it was made and what it was made from etc. They also engaged with the work of Judy Pfaff and were asked some questions about their reaction to it and how it made them feel, what it made them think about and what it represents to them. The children also kept sketchbooks throughout and were asked to make comments about anything to do with the project, to encourage them to reflect on their own work and any particular skills they learnt. * Ability to use language in describing processes, developing discussion and evaluating ideas: Throughout the project the children were encouraged to discuss their ideas and what they were doing during the process of developing their work; by revisiting the element of space and composition, I hoped to expand the children’s vocabulary surrounding installation art and the features that were dominate in Judy Pfaff’s work. They also engaged in discussions within their groups when selecting materials and constructing their installations. (Morgan, M., 1988, p.110) Pfaff enters an exhibition space not knowing exactly what will happen. She must rely on her knowledge, skill, and experience to carry her through; this ethos was one I wanted the children to try and adopt, so when it came to the final exhibition they would feel confident enough to make a installation out of a new set of materials. The design of Pfaff’s ‘N.Y.C – B.Q.E’ opens the doors to many different possibilities for activities for KS2 children  because there are many aspects that go into her installations; I was able to discuss the use of colour, texture, space, and arrangement in Judy Pfaff’s work and how the children incorporated these elements into their own work. In every workshop I shared the image ‘N.Y.C – B.Q.E’ because I found it so cluttered and detailed; every time I looked at the image, I saw something different. Therefore I tried to encourage the children to study the image and stimulate fresh ideas and build up their language in art. Margaret Morgan states that the teacher should try to encourage children to look at, touch and feel items. (Morgan, M., 1988) This is exactly what I wanted the children to do throughout all the workshops to help build up skills and extend their experience of handling materials. As the workshops progressed, the aim was to try to build the children’s confidence and experience so more interest would build up during each activity. In all of the workshops, it was important the children used all their senses to explore the range of materials, so they could experience the materials and gain insight into their qualities, which would impact their decisions of choosing particular materials and design choices for their installations in the later stages. Throughout the project, the children were faced with all sorts of challenges such as painting, drawing, modelling, construction and textiles. My approach was to section off part of the hall, ensuring adequate space for each group of children to work with a collection of acquired items with potential for construction such as bricks, wood blocks, rope, plastic, metal etc. The children were introduced to the materials and reminded about the need for safe handling and mutual sensitivity. I reminded the children to respect each other and the things they had. The very nature of the range of materials continually triggered new ideas and associations such as creating homes in an imaginary environment, when the children were using the cardboard boxes and woodblocks. In addition, this approach provided the children with valuable experience of the potential usage of materials, an understanding of appropriate qualities and the importance of safe handling of tools and equipment. According to Rob Barnes, who presents many current and important issues in art education in his series of books called ‘Teaching art to young children’ states, ‘Expressing feelings and ideas in a visual way is a question of making judgements about things like colour,  scale, texture, shape and drawing.’ Children need to experience using and handling materials in order for them to understand their qualities.’ (Barnes, R., 2002, p.160) Some of the skills and tools involved in the project, such as joining using glue guns, cutting using Stanley knifes, experimenting with materials and their potential usage, arranging different types of metals and objects through trial, error and success which varied in weight and textures, taking responsibility for creating a sketch book, using the HD cameras and editing films using ‘I-movie’ on the MacBook pro’s and working in large scale groups meant it was more suitable for KS2 children. In comparison to the expectations in art and design of children in KS1, the activities seem to be a step higher in all areas. The National Curriculum states, in ‘Investigating and making art, craft and design’ in KS1 the children are expected to represent observations and make artefacts whereas in KS2, this develops into using a variety of methods and approaches to communicate observations, ideas and feelings and as the children were developing their creativity through more complex activities, increasing their critical awareness of the purpose of installation art and evolving their confidence in using materials and processes to communicate what they see, feel and think, these learning objectives seemed more appropriate. (DfEE, 1999) ‘N.Y.C – B.Q.E’ is a perfect example of Judy Pfaff’s controlled chaos in her artwork. Judy Pfaff controls the chaotic look to her installations. However, the chaos of all the qualities in her installations look like they may have all just been arranged in an attention-grabbing way but there is a reason behind all the commotion. This concept inspired the title for the project: ‘Dancing at the edge of chaos’. I tired to emphasise this idea of ‘controlled chaos’ when I presented the children with a random box of materials to have a go at making an installation, in groups. The children’s starting point would have been quite chaotic because all objects and materials started in a heap on the floor; the challenge was to arrange them into a visually exciting installation, some of which they might not have worked with before. Rob Barnes highlights, When children or teachers are involved in the process of making choices, they are inevitably manipulating thoughts and ideas. It takes little imagination to realize that one of the rewards of teaching art is to become just as interested in what children discover as they are. (Barnes, R., 2002, p.194) The main focus of the project was giving children the opportunity to handle and explore a wide range of materials, which they might not have used in a creative manner before. Michael Boyd, Artistic Director of the†¨Royal Shakespeare Company says, No child can absorb a fine culture of art without seeing a great deal of it and doing enough of it to realise some of the processes involved. Art is one of the antidotes of life which becomes increasingly busy and exhausting, yet far less humanly productive or satisfying. (Arts council England, 2010, p.7) Introducing the children to installation art allowed for the materials to be used and handled in a more stimulating way just like artist Judy Pfaff. Judy Pfaff has worked with an eclectic and unusual range of materials and moves back and forth easily between two and three-dimensional work, creating art that is complex and unique. These dynamic, energetic, large-scale works incorporate many different media. It was important to create opportunities for the children to see how Judy Pfaff might have constructed her work and manipulated materials and to raise their awareness of the different processes used in her work. Pfaff’s working process is spontaneous and highly physical. Throughout this project, the children have been encouraged to be very expressive with their thoughts and feelings, so they create work that is personal to them. Peggy Davison Jenkins, author of Art for the Fun of It, has said, Creativity is not so much an aptitude as an attitude.   The meaning and significance of each stage of scribbling still needs to be further studied. One thing is clear: children need to produce their own art, and they don’t benefit at all from completing adult -made projects. When pushed to do something they are not ready to do, they suffer by stifling their own needs. (Jenkins, D., P., 1980, p.70) I have tried to emphasise that the development of the work is just as important as the final piece because the children are constantly evolving their skills and making the work is all part of the experience. According to writer and poet Blake Morrison, Art can do many things: entertain, instruct, console, inspire, enrage, transform. It teaches us things we can’t be taught in any other way and makes us see things we wouldn’t otherwise see. It slows us the illusion of escaping our daily lives while simultaneously taking us deeper inside ourselves. (Arts council England, 2010, p.20) Educators are aware that children have different learning styles, a concept which has had a profound impact on thinking and practice in education, developed from Howard Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligence. (Learning Styles Online, 2012) In art, the teacher will discuss concepts verbally, write information and draw illustrations on the board, and allow children to manipulate materials; therefore every kind of leaner should be able to access the concepts being presented. ‘The arts have an important role to play in refining our sensory system and cultivating our imaginative qualities.’ (Barone, T., & Eisner, W., E., 1988) In short, art enlarges the imagination and allows us to experience the qualities of sound, sight, taste, and touch increasing children’s perception in the arts, rather than simply recognising them. Susan Striker has written an array of books, which discuss the positive influence of a child’s artistic growth on their  intellectual and emotional development, and offering activities to facilitate artistic skills. She highlights that ‘Children are developing visual impressions when they read, and verbal and symbolic skills when they draw, paint and sculpt.’ And later argues, ‘A child who is exposed early to positive creative art activities, and who is allowed to develop freely and naturally, will take to writing very easily when the time comes.’ (Striker, S., 2001) Councilor Mick Henry, Leader of Gateshead Council speaks about why art is important to him: Art has the ability to change and improve lives. This could be through taking part in a single art workshop session and making something for the first time, being at a concert by your favourite performer, or band, walking in the park and encountering a beautiful sculpture, or visiting a museum or gallery and seeing something precious or unexpected. Any of these simple activities can be transformational for the individual concerned. †¨ (Arts council England, 2010, p.12) Creative activities confront how we feel about things. Expressing a mood, emotion, or temperament through art becomes as valid as responding to another person, a moving sight, or a meaningful experience. Both responding and expressing through art puts us in touch with qualities which are part of what makes us human.

Hobbes vs. Thoreau - 2591 Words

Thomas Hobbes’ book, Leviathan and Henry David Thoreau’s essay, Resistance to Civil Government could not be more opposed when it comes to looking at the social contract from a political philosophy viewpoint. On the one hand, Hobbes maintains that humanity’s utmost obligation is to submit oneself to the authority of the sovereign state. Thoreau, on the other hand, argues that under specific circumstances, it is humanity’s duty is to resist the state. This paper will argue that Hobbes does not succeed in establishing our obligation to submit to the sovereign’s authority. Instead it is Thoreau whom is correct that in certain circumstances we are obliged to resist the State. The two main issues with Hobbes’ reasoning in Leviathan regarding the†¦show more content†¦One of the first aspects of Hobbes’ work that undermines his, mostly logically-sound Leviathan, concerns the Laws of Nature. Hobbes seems to take it for granted that all the people in a single state would agree with one another to submit all of their power to one authoritative entity, on the basis that they will realize it is in the best interest of their security. As professor Ian Johnston says, â€Å"If human beings are like sheep, I dont see why they need a ruler; if human beings are like wolves, I dont see how they will tolerate a ruler.† If, as Hobbes suggests, the state of nature is anarchy, then what aspect of nature drives all people to form a commonwealth? In this respect, it appears that Hobbes contradicts himself, for he proclaims that man is brutish, violent, and only concerned with self-interest, however he is also reasonable enough to form a social contract in which his own ease and commodious living is secured. In light of the latter characteristics of man that Hobbes describes, where man is rational enough to participate in such a social contract, the necessity of submitting oneself entirely to the sovereign authority is unfo unded and too extreme. The second main issue with Leviathan concerns the power of the government. Hobbes fails to explain why people would trust an authority made up of other people, no different from themselves. If every person knows that their own inherent violence and selfishness is what necessitates